The Science of Dark Spots

Melanin is the skin's primary defence against UV damage. The problem is that this response doesn't always switch off cleanly, leaving post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, sun spots, and hormonal melasma which are melanocytes that have been triggered into overproduction and left there. Fading them requires interrupting the signal that drives melanin synthesis and accelerating the turnover of cells that are already pigmented, a process that takes consistent support over time.